Top 10 African Countries With the Fastest-Growing Populations in 2026
The Central African Republic's population is growing at 3.283% a year — the fastest in Africa. Somalia and Niger are right behind. All 10 ranked by UN data.
Population, migration, and the social forces reshaping the continent.
The Central African Republic's population is growing at 3.283% a year — the fastest in Africa. Somalia and Niger are right behind. All 10 ranked by UN data.
Nigeria leads Africa's 2026 population at 242 million people while Seychelles has the fewest at 135,000: every African country ranked by population, with growth rates and data sources.
The Central African Republic has Africa's youngest population in 2026, with a median age of just 14.6 years — the world's lowest, per UN World Population Prospects 2024.
The Hausa are Africa's largest ethnic group at roughly 86 million people, ahead of the Yoruba at 53 million. West Africa dominates the ranking — and every figure is an estimate, since most African states don't publish ethnic census data.
Chad has the highest fertility rate in Africa — and the world — at 5.84 children per woman in 2026, ahead of Somalia (5.81) and the DR Congo (5.80).
Arabic is Africa's most spoken language with more than 213 million speakers, followed by Nigerian Pidgin (121 million), Swahili (95 million) and Hausa (94 million), according to Ethnologue's 2026 data.
Nigeria is Africa's most populous country, with an estimated 242.4 million people in 2026, followed by Ethiopia (138.9 million) and Egypt (120.1 million), according to Worldometer and United Nations population data.
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